Xline technology s.r.o1/4/2024 Rusty bolt syndrome has been used to describe certain passive intermodulation causes. Many non-linear devices may be present in a receiver and non-linear junctions may be created at conductor junctions such as connectors or fractured solder joints. If the amplitude of undesired frequencies is adequate for reception and the frequency is at the operating receiver frequency, interference can result in degrading the receiver performance. Harmonics of a frequency plus sum and difference frequencies, as well as multiples of the frequencies, may be created. Intermodulation – Intermodulation results from combining several signals in a non-linear device.Let’s quickly go over the three topics involved to support the test method discussions that follow. The three test methods we are reviewing apply to receivers to assess performance degradation from RF signals arriving at the receiver antenna port. As the Internet of Things (IoT) expands, the military usage will expand to add more complexity to the spectrum usage and the demand for receiver operations must be included. Many frequency sources are present that operate in close proximity in our daily life and within military operations including ships, vehicles, and aircraft. This applies to commercial products, but similar technology leaps will follow the military equipment demands from the propensity to use commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology for DoD systems. I recall hearing from a major electronics manufacturer CEO that 90% of sales happen within 90-days of market release prompting the need for a successor. It seems that by the time a new device hits the market, it has been made obsolete by the next generation. ![]() Rapid technology advances in the wireless communications world make test and evaluation of Radio Frequency (RF) devices a difficult subject.
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